MD, University of Tennessee, Memphis 1996; internal medicine residency, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan; cardiology residency, University of Tennessee; interventional cardiology, University of Rochester; board certified in internal medicine; board certified in cardiology; board certified in nuclear cardiology; board certified in hypertension; board eligible in interventional cardiology; member, Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor Society, Amercian Medical Association and American College of Physicians; Diplomat, American College of Cardiology, American Society of Echocardiography, and American Society of Nuclear Cardiology